了解用于申请移民的关键文件：快速指南

办理移民之前需要仔细准备，因为您的文件是移民官了解您的移民情况的基础。 以下是最常需要的文件以及如何避免踩坑的建议。

移民通常需要的文件类型

1. Civil documents from your country’s government: These include birth certificates, marriage certificates, divorce certificates, and death certificates. 这些文件用于证明您的身份、亲属关系和您人生中所发生的事件。

2. Passport: A valid passport is essential for identification, proof of nationality, and travel purposes. 它必须有效（未过期），并且护照上列出的所有信息都应与您的其他文件上的信息相匹配。

3. “Bona fide” relationship documents: For marriage-based visas, you’ll need to provide evidence that your marriage is genuine. 这可能包括以下内容：

• 配偶双方与家庭成员的照片。

• 联名账单、银行账户或财产租赁。

• 配偶之间的汇款。

• 配偶之间的沟通证明

• 婚礼费用或一起旅行的支出凭证

• 夫妇所生子女的出生证明

移民文件的常见问题

Complete, accurate certified translations: Make sure that you have a certified translation of any document that is not written in English. 如果文件中有一部分内容是英语，但并非所有内容都是英语，则仍应对文件进行翻译。 证书需要证明译员有能力阅读这两种语言，并且能够证明英语翻译真实地反映了原始文件的内容。

Translation of names: If your name is written in a language that uses a different alphabet than English does (e.g., Arabic or Cyrillic), it may be spelled differently across various documents. 一致性是关键。 确保您姓名的拼写在所有文件及其翻译中是一致的，以避免移民过程遭到延误和引起疑惑。

Date conversions: If your home country uses a different calendar, double-check that all dates have been converted correctly to the Gregorian calendar, which is used in the U.S. Also, note the U.S. date format is month/day/year – so, for example, May 3, 2000, would be written as 5/3/2000 and not 3/5/2000.

Name changes: If your name has changed at any time since you were born, due to marriage, divorce, or any other reason, you’ll need legal documentation to verify this change. 常见的法律文件包括结婚证或法院命令。

如何找出需要哪些文件

Different Versions of Documents: Some countries issue multiple types of the same document (e.g., “long form” vs. “short form” birth certificates). To determine the correct version, consult the U.S. Department of State’s Reciprocity Schedule here. 互惠表为每个国家列出了所需的文件版本、文件之间的一些共同特征以及如何从贵国官员那里获取文件。

Substitute documents: If your country doesn’t issue certain documents, or if the U.S. government cannot accept them for some reason, the Reciprocity Schedule may list alternatives. 例如，如果您来自阿富汗，则根据目前的互惠表，可以使用Tazkera代替出生证明。

Inability to obtain certain documents: In some situations, you might not be able to get documents from your home country’s government. 例如，如果您正在申请庇护，由于害怕受到迫害，您可能无法向政府索要某些官方文件。 您可能会被允许提供其他证据，具体取决于您的情况。

Properly preparing your immigration documents will save you time and stress. 务必仔细检查一致性，并利用官方资源来确保您拥有正确的文件！